Construction is a dangerous occupation, and carpenters often work with power tools and other equipment that can cause injuries if not used properly. The job also exposes workers to loud noises, and they may need to lift heavy materials or climb scaffolding. Many carpenters receive on-the-job training through an apprenticeship program. They usually spend three to four years under the guidance of a more experienced carpenter, known as a journeyperson. Some vocational-technical schools and some private training academies offer carpentry courses, but experience is essential to finding employment. Structural carpenters build and erect building frames, walls, roofs, and other structures. They may also install doors, windows, and other fixtures. Some carpenters focus on residential construction, while others construct buildings like offices or retail stores. Other responsibilities include installing interior trim, such as baseboards and mantles, and applying finishes like stains or paint. Other duties may involve repairing damaged structures, such as roofs or floors. Most carpenters need to have strong math skills to perform their jobs, and they must be competent at reading blueprints and other technical documents. They must also be knowledgeable about building codes and regulations. Experienced carpenters are proficient at using hand and power tools. They are skilled at measuring and cutting wood to exact specifications. They are also capable of constructing complex structural components, such as stairs and railings. Some carpenters have experienced discrimination in the industry. Black carpenters, for example, have faced racism from union leaders. Some have left the trade to pursue other careers, but others have stayed in the profession and are working toward promoting workplace diversity.
